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达能营养中心在全球

青年科学工作者论坛2007年第5期

《卫生研究》--2007年第五期

论著 

文章编号：1000-8020（2007）05-0555-04

绿茶多酚对心理应激大鼠行为学表现的干预作用研究

陈伟强 程义勇 赵小玲 李树田 侯玥 洪燕

军事医学科学院卫生学环境医学研究所，天津 300050

   摘要：目的  观察绿茶多酚对心理应激大鼠自主探究行为、认知行为以及学习和记忆能力的影响，并探讨其相关的作用机制。方法 将Wistar大鼠随机分为5组：正常对照组（CT）、应激对照组（SCT）和低、中、高剂量GTPs干预应激组（SLG、SMG和SHG）。采用束缚应激3周建立心理应激动物模型。通过旷场实验了解动物的自主探究行为改变，以水迷宫实验检验动物的认知行为，以避暗实验检测动物的学习和记忆能力。分别以放免法、化学荧光法、双抗夹心ELISA法检测血浆皮质醇水平、去甲肾上腺素和多巴胺含量以及IL-6和IL-2水平。结果  各应激组动物的血浆皮质醇水平明显升高，SMG组和SHG组血浆皮质醇与CT组相比显著升高，但较SCT组明显降低。与CT组相比，SCT组动物在旷场中的潜伏期延长，其穿格数、直立次数减少；SLG组动物的表现与SCT组相近，而SMG组和SHG组动物只出现穿格数的减少，而且，SMG组和SHG组动物的潜伏期和直立次数与SCT组比较也存在显著性差异。避暗反应结果显示，各应激组动物的潜伏期均明显延长，而电击次数仅在SCT组和SLG组动物出现显著增加。水迷宫测试显示，与CT组比较，SCT组和SLG组动物完成水迷宫所需的时间和发生错误的次数均明显增加。另外，与SCT组相比，SMG组和SHG组动物完成水迷宫所需的时间和错误次数以及避暗反应电击次数均明显降低。各应激组动物在束缚应激后，其血浆IL-6和IL-2水平均明显升高；SCT组和SLG组动物血浆NE和DA水平显著降低，而SMG组和SHG组动物未见显著性变化。与SCT组相比，SMG组和SHG组动物血浆NE和DA水平明显升高，且血浆IL-6含量亦显著增加。结论  心理应激引起动物应激激素分泌增加，行为学表现异常，而适量补充GTPs可改善心理应激机体的行为学表现，提高应激机体的自主活动和探究行为、认知功能以及学习、记忆能力。

关键词：心理应激  绿茶多酚  行为表现  皮质醇

中图分类号：R151.2   R338.6   TS272.51           文献标识码：A 

Study of green tea polyphenols modulation on behavioral performances in psychological stress rats

CHEN Weiqiang, CHENG Yiyong, ZHAO Xiaoling, LI Shutian, et al.

   Institute of Health and Environmental Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China 

Abstract：Objective This study was conducted to explore the effects of green tea polyphenols modulation on changes of behavioral performances in psychological stress rats. Methods The animal model of psychological stress was developed by restraint stress for 3 weeks. Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups as follows: control group (CT), stress control group (SCT), and three stress groups with low, medium and high-doses of green tea polyphenols modulation respectively (SLG, SMG and SHG). The changes of behavioral performances were examined by open-field test, water maze and step-through test. Serum levels of cortisol, catecholamines, interleukin-6 and interleukin-2 were also detected. Results The levels of serum cortisol were all increased obviously in the four stress groups. Furthermore, serum cortisol levels in SMG and SHG were decreased than that of SCT. The behavioral performances of SCT rats in open-field test, step-through test and water maze were all changed evidently in contrast to that of CT rats. On the one hand, the changes of behavioral performances in SLG rats were similar to SCT rats. On the other hand, these changes were improved in SMG and SHG rats. In addition, compared with CT group, the levels of plasma IL-6 and IL-1 were increased clearly in the four stress groups, and the contents of serum norepinephrine and dopamine in SCT and SLG groups were decreased dramatically. The serum norepinephrine and dopamine levels in SMG and SHG rats were increased in contrast to that of SCT rats. Conclusion  Our results suggested that psychological stress can impair body’s behavioral performances, and moderate green tea polyphenols modulation may improve these abnormal changes.

   Key words: psychological stress, green tea polyphenols, behavioral performances, cortisol 
 

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.30500406）

作者简介：陈伟强，男，医学博士，副研究员，E-mail：chenweiqiang5505@yahoo.com.cn 

论著

文章编号：1000-8020（2007）05- 0542-03

中国60岁及以上人群空腹血糖分布及糖尿病流行特征

付萍 满青青 张坚 王春荣 杨晓光

中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所，北京  100050 

   摘要：目的 使用中国居民营养与健康状况调查（2002年）的数据，分析60岁及以上老年人群糖尿病流行特征。方法 全国城乡不同经济类别地区9925名60岁及以上老年人群,采用葡萄糖氧化酶法检测空腹静脉血血浆葡萄糖含量，分析空腹血糖（FPG）分布情况和糖尿病（DM）流行特征。结果 中国60岁及以上老年人群空腹血糖平均水平为5.18mmol/L，城市显著高于农村（P<0.05）；29.5%的大城市和21.6%的中小城市老年人空腹血糖≥5.6mmol/L；中国60岁以上人群糖尿病患病率为6.83%，大城市、中小城市、一类农村、二类农村、三类农村和四类农村老年人糖尿病患病率分别为16.97%、11.43%、4.94%、4.70%和1.94%。结论 中国超过21%的城市老年人处于空腹高血糖状态，城市老年人DM患病率达到13.17%。 

关键词 ：老年人 空腹血糖 高血糖状态 糖尿病

中图分类号：R181.37 R587.1 R153.3                文献标识码：A 
 

Epidemiological study on diabetes mellitus in people aged 60 and over

FU Ping, MAN Qingqing, ZHANG Jian, WANG Chunrong,et al.

Institute of Nutrition and Food Satety, China CDC, Beijing  100050, China. 

Abstract：Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics of diabetes mellitus in Chinese people aged 60 and over based on the data of China Nutrition and Health Survey in 2002. Methods Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 9925 subjects, aged 60 and over was determined by glucose oxidase method and the prevalence of diabetes mellitus was analyzed by gender and by regions. Results The average FPG of all subjects was 5.18mmol/L adjusted by population distribution based on 2000 census. Over 29.5% of subjects in metropolis and 21.6% middle cities were determined as fasting hyperglycemia (FPG≥5.6mmol/L). The prevalence of DM in old subjects was 6.83%。The prevalence of DM in old subjects of metropolis, middle city, 1st, 2nd ,3rd , 4th country was 16.97%，11.43%，4.94%，4.70% and 1.94% respectively. Conclusion Over 21% of Chinese urban residences aged 60 and over suffer from fasting hyperglycemia and the prevalence of  DM reached 13.17%..

Key words: old people, fast plasma glucose, hyperglycemia, diabetes mellitus prevalence.

论著 

文章编号：1000-8020（2007）05-0547-05

学龄儿童体内植物源性胡萝卜素转化成维生素A的效率研究

李蕾  王茵1  武洁姝  朱染枫1  赵显峰  汪之顼2  荫士安3

中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所，北京 100050 

   摘要：目的  确定菠菜及纯品油胶囊中β-胡萝卜素在学龄儿童体内的转化效率。方法  选取某农村小学7~9岁儿童32名，随机分为2组，每组16名，维生素A正常和缺乏者各8名，前7天每天午饭及晚饭两组分别补充氘标记菠菜5g（含2H10-β-胡萝卜素230μg）及纯品β-胡萝卜素油胶囊（含2H8-β-胡萝卜素200μg），早饭两组均服用13C10醋酸视黄醇100μg。在实验的第3、7、8、22及28天分别采集静脉血3ml，用HPLC及GC-MS测定血清中的视黄醇浓度及标记同位素的丰度，计算菠菜及纯品油胶囊中β-胡萝卜素的转化效率。结果  β-胡萝卜素油胶囊组维生素A正常和边缘缺乏的儿童β-胡萝卜素的转化率分别为2.9和3.2（质量比）；菠菜组分别为10.1和10.3结论  纯品油胶囊中β-胡萝卜素的转化效率明显高于菠菜；不同维生素A营养状况的儿童β-胡萝卜素的转化效率无明显差异。

关键词：β-胡萝卜素  维生素A  生物转化  学龄儿童

中图分类号： R153.2 Q562 Q58           文献标识码：A 

Bioefficacy of plant carotenoid in school age children

LI Lei ,WANG Yin .WU Jieshu,ZHU Ranfeng,et al.

Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China 

Abstract：Objective  To determine the bioefficacy of pure β-carotene and β-carotene from spinach in schoolchildren of different vitamin A status. Methods: Thirty two schoolchildren aged 7-9 years old were selected and then divided into two groups randomly. Each group included 16 subjects, of which the vitamin A level of 8 subjects was normal, the other 8 subjects suffered from vitamin A deficiency. In the first 7 days, one group was given 5 gram spinach (containing 230μg 2H10-β-carotene) before lunch and dinner and the other group was given pure β-carotene capsule (containing 200μg β-carotene). Before breakfast, both groups were given 100μg 13C10 retinal acetate capsule. Blood was drawn on the 3,7,8,22 and 28 day. HPLC and GC-MS were used to determine the retinol concentration and enrichment of isotope and then calculate the bioefficacy of pure β-carotene and β-carotene from spinach. Results: The conversion factors of pure β-carotene in oil capsule were: 2.9 for the children with normal vitamin A status, 3.2 for those suffering from marginal vitamin A deficiency. The conversion factors of spinach β-carotene were 10.1and 10.3 for the children with normal and low vitamin A status, respectively. Conclusion: The vitamin A conversion bioefficacy of pure β-carotene from oil capsule is much higher than that of spinach. There is no difference of β-carotene bioefficacy for children with different vitamin A status.

Key words：β-carotene, vitamin A, bioconversion, school-aged children 

基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目（No.30571574）

作者简介：李蕾，女，博士生

1浙江省医学科学院保健食品研究所

2青岛大学医学院营养研究所

3通讯作者