青年科学工作者论坛2009年第5期

 中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所，北京 100050

 

摘要：目的 分析中国2岁以内婴幼儿喂养状况及变化趋势。 方法 采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法，在全国14个省、自治区、和直辖市的43个调查点中选取7204名2岁以下婴幼儿，利用婴幼儿家长调查问卷了解儿童喂养状况。结果 2006年我国6个月内婴儿母乳喂养率为49.2％，城市为51.9%，农村为48.5%。6~24个月婴幼儿配方奶、普通奶类、谷类、畜肉类、水产品、蛋类、豆类及蔬菜水果的平均添加率分别为41.8%、47.6%、94.4%、78.0%、59.9%、87.4%、64.9%和90.2%。结论 我国2岁以内婴幼儿喂养状况需要关注，纯母乳喂养率偏低，过早添加辅食与辅食添加不及时同时存在。尤其农村6个月内婴儿母乳喂养率呈下降趋势明显。   

Abstract: Objective  To analyze the feeding situation and change trend of the infants and young children under the age of 2 years in China. Methods  The multi-stage cluster probability sampling was used to select randomly total 7204 infants and young children under the age of 2 years from Chinese 14 provinces, autonomy regions and municipalities. Questionnaires for parents were used to collect the information of feeding. Results  The national breastfeeding rate of infant under 6 months was 49.2% in 2006, which of urban and rural is 51.9% and 48.5% respectively. About the complementary feeding of the infants and young children of 6 to 24 months, the addition rate of formula, common milk and milk products, cereals, meats, aquatic products, eggs, legume, vegetable and fruit is 41.8%, 47.6%, 94.4%, 78.0%, 59.9%, 87.4%, 64.9% and 90.2% respectively. Conclusion  The status of infants and young children still need further concerns, for the reason that the exclusive breastfeeding rate remained in a low level, especially the rate in rural areas showed a dramatic decreased trend. Meanwhile, the complementary feeding frequently begins too early or too late, and foods are often nutritionally inadequate and unsafe.  

Key words: infants and young children, breastfeeding, complementary feeding